· 7 min read
Electric drum brakes
The most common system on utility, equipment, and dump trailers. An in-cab controller sends current to magnets that engage the drums, and gain can be tuned to load. Inspect magnets and shoes annually.
Electric over hydraulic
An actuator converts the controller signal into hydraulic pressure, driving disc brakes. It costs more but provides far superior stopping power on heavy goosenecks and equipment trailers.
Surge brakes
Self-actuating hydraulic brakes triggered by trailer push against the coupler. Common on boat trailers because there is no wiring to submerge, but they cannot be applied independently.
Breakaway systems
A battery and switch apply full trailer brakes if the trailer separates. Test the battery monthly; a dead breakaway battery is both a safety failure and an inspection violation.